The Nightmare Before Christmas

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The Nightmare Before Christmas (also known as Tim Burton The Nightmare Before Christmas ) is a 1993 American stop-stop film an animated musical fantasy directed by Henry Selick, and produced and conceived by Tim Burton. It tells the story of Jack Skellington, a resident of "Halloween Town" who stumbles through the portal to "Christmas City" and decides to celebrate the holiday, with some cruel and funny consequences. Danny Elfman wrote songs and scores, and gave Jack the singing voice. The main voice cast also includes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page, Paul Reubens, and Glenn Shadix.

The Nightmare Before Christmas comes from a poem written by Tim Burton in 1982, when he worked as an animator at Walt Disney Feature Animation. With the success of Vincent in that same year, Walt Disney Studios began to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas either as a short film or a 30-minute television special. For years, Burton's mind regularly returned to the project, and in 1990, he made a development deal with Disney. Production began in July 1991 in San Francisco; Disney released the film through the Touchstone Pictures banner because the studio believed the film would be "too dark and scary for children".

The film meets critical and financial success, grossing more than $ 76 million during initial run. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, the first for an animated film. The film has been re-published by Walt Disney Pictures, and re-released annually at Disney Digital 3-D from 2006 to 2009, making it the first stop-motion animation feature completely converted to 3D.

Video The Nightmare Before Christmas

Plot

Halloween Town is a fantasy world full of citizens like defective monsters, ghosts, ghosts, goblins, zombies, mummies, vampires, werewolves, and wizards. Jack Skellington, "Pumpkin King" and city leaders, lead them in organizing annual Halloween celebrations. However, personally Jack has been bored with the same routine from year to year, and wants something new. Wandering in the forest on the morning after Halloween, he stumbles across seven trees containing doors to cities representing various vacations, and opens a portal to Christmas Town. Fascinated by an unusual holiday, Jack returns to Halloween Town to show the residents his findings, but they fail to understand the Christmas idea and compare it all with their ideas about Halloween. Jack held himself in the tower to study Christmas and found a way to explain it rationally, but could not. He finally decided that it was unfair for Christmas Town alone to enjoy the holidays and announced that he and the Halloween City residents would take over Christmas this year.

Jack assigns residents of Halloween-themed jobs in Christmas Town, including singing Christmas carols, making presents, and slinging for the reindeer. Sally, a beautiful lady who is secretly in love with Jack, feels that their endeavor will end in disaster, but Jack rejects it and assigns her to sew a red robe to wear. He is also the task of Lock, Shock and Barrel, a trio of trick-or-treating kids, to kidnap Santa Claus and bring him back to Halloween Town. Jack tells Santa that he will bring Christmas to the world in his place this year. Jack orders the trio to keep Santa safe, but the kids take Santa to Oogie Boogie, a gambling gambler millionaire, who plans to play a game with the life of Santa Claus at stake. Sally tries to save Santa so he can stop Jack, but Oogie also catches him.

Jack set out to deliver the prize to the world, but the Halloween-style gift was frightening and attacked the population. Because of concern over the "Santa" behavior grew, the military took action and shot down Jack, causing him to fall in the cemetery. When Jack complains about the disaster he made from Christmas, he finds him enjoying the experience, reviving his love for Halloween. Jack returns to Halloween Town and finds Oogie's nest. Oogie tries to kill Jack, but Jack pulls the thread that holds his shirt together, showing a huge pile of insects that fall into Oogie's pot and get killed. Jack apologizes to Santa for his actions, and Santa confirms Jack that he can fix things and get back to Christmas Town. When Santa Claus replaces Halloween gifts with the original, City residents of Halloween Town celebrate Jack's return. Santa then visits the City of Halloween and brings them snow for the residents to play together. In the cemetery, Jack and Sally express their love for each other.

Maps The Nightmare Before Christmas

Voice cast

• Chris Sarandon (speaking voice) and Danny Elfman (singing voice) as Jack Skellington, a skeleton known as "Pumpkin King" from Halloween Town. He has a ghost dog named Zero, who has a small glowing jack-o'-lantern nose. Danny Elfman also voiced Barrel, one of the tricks-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. Elfman initially acted as the voice of the singing of Jack and, after the songs were recorded, Sarandon was cast to match the style of Elfman's voice.
• Catherine O'Hara as Sally, a Finklestein doll-like creation, and Jack's growing interest in love. He is an amateur toxicologist who uses various types of toxins to free himself from Finklestein's captivity. He is also paranormal and has a hunch when something bad will happen. O'Hara also voiced Shock, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. He previously starred in Burton's Beetlejuice (1988).
• William Hickey as Doctor Finklestein, a mad scientist, and a "father" from Sally. He is listed in the credits only as "Evil Scientist" and only mentioned his name once in the movie.
• Glenn Shadix as Halloween City Mayor, an enthusiastic leader who meets city meetings. His wild mood turns from happiness to despair causing his head to spin between "happy" and "sad" faces; in which some career politicians are figuratively duplicit, the Mayor is literally so. Burton and Shadix previously worked on Beetlejuice .
• Ken Page as Oogie Boogie, an evil specter in Halloween Town, who has a desire to gamble.
• Ed Ivory as Santa Claus, the leader of Christmas City. Santa is responsible for the annual Christmas celebration, at which point he presents gifts to children around the world. Ivory also did a short narration at the beginning of the film.
• Paul Reubens as Lock, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. Reubens and Burton previously worked on the Great Pee-wee Adventure (1985) and Batman Returns (1992).

The players also featured Kerry Katz, Carmen Twillie, Randy Crenshaw, Debi Durst, Glenn Walters, Sherwood Ball, and Greg Proops who voiced various characters. Patrick Stewart recorded the narrative for the prologue and epilogue. Although not used in the final scene of the film, the narration is included in the soundtrack album.

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Production

Development

Because Tim Burton's upbringing in Burbank, California is associated with feelings of solitude, the filmmaker was fascinated by the holiday during his childhood. "Anytime there's a Christmas or a Halloween, [...] it's nice. It gives you some kind of sudden texture that was not there before", Burton would later recall. After finishing his short film Vincent in 1982, Burton, then working at Walt Disney Feature Animation, wrote a three-page poem entitled The Nightmare Before Christmas, drawing inspiration from television specials Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer , How Grinch Stole Christmas! and poems Visit from St. Nicholas . Burton intends to adapt poetry to a special television with a narrative spoken by his favorite actor, Vincent Price, but also considering other options such as children's books. He created the concept of art and storyboard for the project in collaboration with Rick Heinrichs, who also carved a character model; Burton then showed his Heinrichs works in development to Henry Selick, also a Disney animator at the time. After the success of Vincent in 1982, Disney began to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas either as a short film or a 30-minute television special. However, the development of the project finally stalled, because the tone seemed "too strange" for the company. Because Disney can not "offer space for the loners at night", Burton was fired from the studio in 1984, and proceeded to direct the commercially successful film Beetlejuice and Batman .

Over the years, Burton regularly thought of the project. In 1990, Burton found that Disney still owns the movie's rights. She and Selick are committed to producing long films with the latter as directors. Disney looks forward to Nightmare to showcase the technical achievement and storytelling capabilities present at Who Framed Roger Rabbit . " Nightmare marks Burton's third consecutive movie to have a Christmas setting. Burton could not direct because of his commitment to Batman Returns and he did not want to be involved with "a very slow process of stopping the movement." To fit his poetry into a scenario, Burton approached Michael McDowell, his collaborator on Beetlejuice. McDowell and Burton experienced creative differences, which convinced Burton to make films as music with lyrics and compositions by frequent collaborators Danny Elfman. Elfman and Burton create a rough storyline and two-thirds of movie songs. Elfman found writing eleven songs as "one of the easiest jobs I have ever had" I have a lot in common with Jack Skellington. " Caroline Thompson still has not been hired to write a screenplay. With Thompson's scenario, Selick stated, "there is very little dialogue that is Caroline, she becomes busy with other films and we continue to rewrite, configure and develop the film visually."

Filming

Selick and his animator team began production in July 1991 in San Francisco, California with a crew of more than 120 workers, utilizing 20 sound stages for filming. Joe Ranft was hired from Disney as the storyboard supervisor, while Eric Leighton was hired to supervise the animation. At the peak of production, 20 stages are simultaneously used for film making. In total, there are 109,440 frames taken for the film. The work of Ray Harryhausen, Ladislas Starevich, Edward Gorey, Tienne Delessert, Wilson's Gedges, Charles Addams, Jan Lenica, Francis Bacon, and Wassily Kandinsky influenced the filmmakers. Selick describes the same production design as a pop-up book. In addition, Selick stated, "When we reach Halloween Town, it's entirely German Expressionism.When Jack enters Christmas Town, it's an overload of Dr. Seuss-esque, and finally, when Jack delivers a gift in the 'Real World', everything is plain , simple and perfectly aligned. "Vincent Price, Don Ameche, and James Earl Jones are thought to provide narratives for the film prologue; However, all proved difficult to cast, and the producer instead hired a local voice singer, Ed Ivory.

In the direction of the film, Selick reflects, "It's as if he [Burton] put the egg, and I sit on it and incubate it.He is not directly involved, but his hand is in it It's my job to make it look like ' Burton ', which is not so different from my own movie. "When asked about Burton's involvement, Selick claims," ​​I did not want to take from Tim, but he was not in San Francisco when we made it.He came five times for two years, no more than eight or ten days in total. "Walt Disney Feature Animation contributes to some of the traditional use of second layer animation. Burton found production rather difficult as he directed Batman Returns and in Ed Wood's pre-production.

The filmmakers built 227 dolls to represent the characters in the film, with Jack Skellington having "about four hundred heads", allowing the expression of every possible emotion. The movement of Sally's mouth "animated through the method of replacement... During the process of animation, [...] only Sally's masked 'mask' looks to maintain her long and red hair sequence.Sally has ten different types of faces, each made with a series of eleven expressions ( such as open and closed eyes, and various facial pose) and synchronized mouth movements. "The stop motion figurine Jack is reused in James and the Giant Peach (also directed by Selick) as Captain Jack.

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Soundtracks

The album's soundtrack was released in 1993 at Walt Disney Records. For a movie released in 2006 at Disney Digital 3-D, a special edition of the soundtrack was released, featuring a bonus disc containing the cover of five movie songs by Fall Out Boy, Panic! in Disco, Marilyn Manson, Fiona Apple, and She Wants Revenge. Four original demo tracks by Elfman are also included. On September 30, 2008, Disney released the cover album Nightmare Revisited , featuring artists like Amy Lee, Flyleaf, Korn, Rise Against, Plain White T, All-American Rejects, and more.

Band rock gothic Amerika, London After Midnight menampilkan cover "Sally's Song" di album 1998 mereka Oddities .

LiLi Roquelin did a French cover of "Sally's Song" released on his album Will you hate the whole world or will you renew your life? in 2010.

Another soundtrack released in 2003 was the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday CD. Although most of the songs are not original from the movie, one song provided on the CD is a medley of "Making Christmas", "What's This?", And "Kidnap the Sandy Claws". Other songs including original holiday songs were changed to incorporate a movie theme. The last song on the list, however, is the soundtrack for the Disneyland travel Haunted Mansion Holiday.

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Release

Disney decided to release the film under their Touchstone Pictures banner because they thought it would be "too dark and scary for the kids", Selick recalled. "Their biggest fear, and why it's some kind of stepchild project, [is] they're afraid their core audience hates movies and does not come." To convey Burton's involvement and attract a wider audience, Disney markets the film as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas. Burton explains that, "... it turns into more of a brand name, it turns into something else, which I'm not so sure of." The film premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 9, and was given a release limited on October 15, 1993, before its theatrical release on October 29th.

The Nightmare Before Christmas was reissued by Disney under the banner of Walt Disney Pictures and re-released on October 20, 2006, with a conversion to Disney Digital 3-D. Industrial Lights & amp; Magic is aided in the process. The film then received the release annually in October 2007 and 2008. The El Capitan Theater in Hollywood, California has shown films in 4-D screenings every year in October, ending on Halloween, since 2010. Reissue has led to a re-emergence 3-D movie and progress in RealD Cinema.

Home media

With many years of successful home video sales, Nightmare then reached the ranks of cult films. Touchstone Home Video first released the movie on VHS on September 30, 1994, and on DVD on December 2, 1997. The DVD release does not contain any special features. Nightmare was released for the second time on October 3, 2000 as a special edition. This release includes audio commentary by Selick and cinematographer Pete Kozachik, documentary-making for 28 minutes, concept art gallery, storyboard, test footage and deleted scenes. Burton's Vincent and Frankenweenie are also included. Both DVDs are non-anamorphic widescreen releases.

Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the movie on DVD again (this time with anamorphic transfer) and on Blu-ray Disc (for the first time) on August 26, 2008 as a two-disc edition "remastered" digital collector, but still contains special features same.

Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released The Nightmare Before Christmas on Blu-ray 3D on August 30, 2011. This release includes Blu-ray 3D, Blu-ray Disc, and DVD discs that include DVDs and digital copies of the film.

Marketing

Disney has conducted extensive marketing campaigns for these characters in many media. Since 2001, Disneyland has a seasonal Nightmare Before Christmas theme for Haunted Mansion Holiday attractions. The attraction, the expanse of Haunted Mansion park, features the characters, decorations, and music from the movies. In addition to Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party and Mickey's Halloween Party featuring movie characters, Jack Skellington, Sally, Pajama Jack, and Mayor have been made into Bendies figures, while Jack and Sally even appear in fine arts. In addition, Sally has been made a Halloween action figure and costume. The Jack Skellington statue is available for Disney Infinity video games, allowing playable characters in the game's "Toy Box Mode". Jack is also a titular character in the short story " Tim Burton's Nightmare Before Christmas : Jack's Story", and also appeared in HalloWishes and Halloween Screams fireworks in Magic Kingdom (where host is Ghost Host) and Disneyland (where the host is Jack himself). Nightmare has inspired spinoff video games, including Oogie Revenge and The Pumpkin King , and is one of Disney's many franchises that contribute on the mythology of the Kingdom Hearts series . Trading card games are also available.

Jim Edwards argues that Tim Burton's animated film The Nightmare Before Christmas is really a movie about the marketing business.The movie's main character Jack Skellington, chief marketing officer (CMO) for a successful company, decides that his success boring and he wants the company to have a different business plan. "

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Reception

box office

Around the release of the film, Disney executive David Hoberman was quoted as saying, "I wish Nightmare would come out and make a lot of money, if yes, good, otherwise it would be less than the Disney blockbuster so unnecessary get Aladdin - a great solution to satisfy us. "The film earns $ 50 million in the United States in its first theatrical drama. and is considered a moderate "sleeping blow".

The Nightmare Before Christmas earned $ 8.7 million in gross box office in 2006 reset. The 2007 and 2008 reissues earned $ 14.5 million and $ 1.1 million, respectively, increasing the film's gross box office total to $ 75 million.

Critical response

The film initially received positive reviews from critics; since then has continued to gain widespread critical recognition. In Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a 95% rating, based on 88 reviews, with an average rating of 8.2/10. The site's consensus reads, " The Nightmare Before Christmas is a very original stop-motion animation and visually pleasing. " At Metacritic, the film has a score of 77 out of 100, based on 16 critics, showing "favorable public reviews".

Roger Ebert gave a very positive review for Nightmare . Ebert believes the film's visual effects as revolutionary as Star Wars, taking into account that Nightmare is filled with imagination that brings us to a new world.

Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called it a "hallucination" recovery and courage for the Halloween genre. The fascinating mixture of fun and fear also explodes the notion that animation is a child's good.... This is 74 minutes of immortal movie magic. "James Berardinelli states" The Nightmare Before Christmas has something to offer almost everyone. For children, it is a fantasy that celebrates two days off. For adults, this is an opportunity to experience some light entertainment while admiring how adept Hollywood has become in this technique. There are songs, laughter, and a little romance. In short, The Nightmare Before Christmas does what it wants to: entertaining. "Desson Thomson of The Washington Post enjoys the same stylistic features as Oscar Wilde, German Expressionism, Brothers Grimm, and Dr. Caligari's Cabin .

Michael A. Morrison discusses the influence of Dr. Seuss' How Grinch Stole Christmas! in the movie, writing that Jack is parallel to the Grinch and Zero parallel Max, the Grinch's dog. Philip Nel writes that the movie "challenges adult wisdom through its deceitful character," comparing Jack to being "a good con artist" with Oogie Boogie, whom he also compared with Dr. Seusi, Dr. Terwilliker as a bad liar. Entertainment Weekly reported that the fans' acceptance of this character is bordered on by obsession, Laurie's profile and Myk Rudnick, couples who "the level of obsession with the movie is so great that... they name their son after real-life people who become characters in this movie. "The enthusiasm for this character has also been profiled for having spread beyond North America to Japan. Yvonne Tasker notes the "complex characterization seen on The Nightmare Before Christmas".

Danny Elfman fears the characterization of Oogie Boogie will be considered racist by the National Association for Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). Elfman's prediction came true; However, director Henry Selick said the character was inspired by the Betty Boop cartoon The Old Man of the Mountain. "Cab Calloway will dance his incomparable jazz dance and sing 'Minnie the Moocher' or 'Old Man of the Mountain', and they will photograph it, trace it, turn it into a cartoon character, often turning it into an animal, like a walrus," Selick continued. "I think it was the most inventive moments in cartoon history, not at all racist, although he was sometimes a villain.We went with Ken Page, who was a black singer, and he had no problem with it.

Accolades

The film was nominated for both Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and Hugo Award for Best Drama Presentation. Nightmare won the Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Movie, while Elfman won Best Music. Selick and animators were also nominated for their work. Elfman was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score . Most recently, the film was ranked # 1 on the list of "25 Best Rotten Best Movies" of Rotten Tomatoes.

The film is recognized by the American Film Institute in this list:

• 2008: 10 Top 10 AFI:
  • Nominated Animation Movies

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Possible sequel

In 2001, Disney began to consider producing sequels, but instead of using stop motion, Disney wanted to use computer animation. Burton convinces Disney to cancel the idea. "I'm always very protective of Nightmare not to do a sequel or anything like that," Burton explained. "You know, 'Jack visits the world of Thanksgiving' or just about anything else because I feel the movie has purity and the people who love it... Because it's a kind of mass market, it's important to be kind, keep that purity." 2004 video game The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge functioned as a sequel to the movie, with Capcom's crew going after Burton for advice, and having a collaboration from film art director Deane Taylor. In 2009, Selick says he will do a movie sequel if he and Burton can make a good story for him.

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Related media

A collection card game based on the movie titled The Nightmare Before Christmas TCG was released in 2005 by NECA. This game was designed by Quixotic Games founders, Andrew Parks and Kez Shlasnger. It consists of a set of Premiere and 4 Starter Deck based on four characters, Jack Skellington, Mayor, Oogie Boogie, and Doctor Finklestein. Each Starter Deck contains a rule book, King of Pumpkin cards, Pumpkin Point cards, and a 48 card deck. The game has four card types: Character, Local, Creative, and Surprise. The peculiarities of the Cards are divided into four categories: General, Not General, Rare, Ultra Rare.

Quixotic Games also developed The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Game released in 2007 by NECA.

Collector's Edition The Nightmare Before Christmas - The themed Jenga Game is released with orange, purple and black with Jack Skellington's head on it. The set comes in a coffin box instead of a normal rectangular box.

A Munchkin Munchkin Tim Burton The Nightmare Before Christmas card was developed by USAopoly featuring Halloween City residents such as Jack Skellington, Oogie Boogie, Doctor Finklestein, and Lock, Shock, and Barrel. This game comes with a custom die similar to that used by Oogie Boogie in the movie.

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See also

• List of ghost movies

Note

References

Further reading

• Frank Thompson (July 2002). Tim Burton The Nightmare Before Christmas: Movies, Art and Vision (Paperback). Hyperion. ISBN: 978-0-7868-5378-6.
• Jun Asaga (July 2002). Tim Burton The Nightmare Before Christmas (Paperback). Disney Press. ISBN: 978-0-7868-3849-3. Ã, Manga movie adaptation.

External links

• Official website
• The Nightmare Before Christmas on IMDb
• The Nightmare Before Christmas in The Big Cartoon DataBase
• Christmas Nightmare at AllMovie
• The Nightmare Before Christmas at Box Office Mojo
• Before Christmas Nightmare at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Nightmare Before Christmas at The Tim Burton Collective
• John Scalzi (August 28, 2008). "Why Tim Burton's Recurring Nightmare Remains So Popular". AMC . Ã,
• Nightmare Before Christmas Behind The Scene The time lapse of the stop-motion animation process.

Source of the article : Wikipedia