Star Alliance is one of the largest global airline alliances in the world. Founded on May 14, 1997, the current CEO is Jeffrey Goh and its headquarters is located in Frankfurt am Main, Germany. In November 2016, the Star Alliance was the largest global alliance with a total of 689.98 million passengers, ahead of SkyTeam (665.4 million) and Oneworld (557.4 million). The slogan is "The Way The Earth Connects".
27 Star Alliance airlines operate a fleet of approximately 4,657 aircraft, serving more than 1,330 airports in 192 countries in more than 18,500 departures daily. The Alliance has a two-tier rewards program, Silver and Gold, with incentives including upgrades and upgrades. Like other airline alliances, Star Alliance airlines share an airport terminal (known as co-location) and many member aircraft are painted in an alliance livery.
Video Star Alliance
History
1997 -1999: First alliance
On May 14, 1997, an agreement was announced forming Star Alliance from five airlines on three continents: United Airlines, Scandinavian Airlines, Thai Airways, Air Canada, and Lufthansa. The Alliance selects Young & amp; Rubicam for advertising, with a budget of $ 25 million (EUR18 million). The airline shares the star logo from scratch, with five points representing the founding airline. The Alliance adopted the first slogan, "Airline Network for Earth", with the aim "an alliance that will bring passengers to every major city on earth".
Additions
The now-defunct VARIG joined the Star Alliance network on October 22, 1997, extending the alliance to South America. Joining Ansett Australia and Air New Zealand, expanding the Star Alliance to Australia and the Pacific. With the addition of the last two operators, the alliance serves 720 destinations in 110 countries with a combined fleet of 1,650 aircraft. The next airline to join is All Nippon Airways (ANA), the second Asian airline of this group, on October 15, 1999.
2000-2006: Expansion
During the early 2000s, several airlines joined the Star Alliance; Austrian Airlines Group (Austrian Airlines, Tyrolean Airways and Lauda Air) joined on 26 March 2000 and Singapore Airlines on 1 April. BMI (British Midland) and Mexicana Airlines merged on July 1, bringing 13th membership alliance. The addition of BMI makes London Heathrow the only European hub with two alliances. During that year, Emirates was considered joining the Star Alliance, but decided against it. That year, the now-defunct West Indies Airways BWIA, which has entered into an alliance with United Airlines, is considered a member but not. In 2000, the alliance also opened three of its first business centers (in Los Angeles, Frankfurt and Bangkok) and announced the creation of an Alliance Management Team (AMT), a partner executive body. In September 2001, Ansett Australia (the only Australian member of the alliance) left Star Alliance for bankruptcy, giving most of the Australian market to Qantas (a member of Oneworld). That year, Star Alliance announced the appointment of a new CEO, Jaan Albrecht.
Asiana Airlines joined the alliance on March 1, 2003, Spanair on May 1, and LOT Polish Airlines (flag carrier of Poland) in October. Around this time, Mexicana Airlines abandoned the alliance after deciding not to renew the codeshare agreement with United Airlines, then merged with Oneworld. US Airways joined the alliance in May 2004, becoming the second US-based carrier. In November Adria Airways, Blue1 and Croatia Airlines joined the alliance as the first three regional members.
Although Star Alliance invited Lineas Aereas Azteca in 2005 to join in mid-2007, the airline filed for bankruptcy. TAP Air Portugal merged on March 14, 2005, adding Africa's goal to the network. In April 2006, Swiss International Air Lines, the sixth carrier in Europe, and South African Airways (the first African airline) became the 17th and 18th member.
2007: First decade
In May 2007, the Star Alliance's 10th anniversary, its members have combined 16,000 daily departures to 855 destinations in 155 countries and serve 406 million passengers annually. The alliance introduces Biosphere Connections, a partnership with UNESCO, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands to promote environmental sustainability.
Currently, nearly 30% of global air travelers use the services of our airlines or, looking at it from an industry perspective as a whole, two-thirds of air travelers around the world use one of three airline alliances.
VARIG abandoned the alliance on January 31, 2007, and two Chinese airlines, Air China and Shanghai Airlines merged on 12 December.
2008 -2010: Second Decade of Operation
On April 1, 2008, Turkish Airlines joined the alliance after a 15-month integration process began in December 2006, becoming the seventh European airline and the 20th member. EgyptAir, Egypt's national airline and the second Star Alliance African airline, merged on July 11, 2008.
On October 27, 2009, Continental Airlines became a 25th Star Alliance member after leaving SkyTeam three days earlier. According to CEO of the alliance Jaan Albrecht, "Bringing Continental Airlines to the Star Alliance has been a truly unique experience.This is the first time airlines have moved directly from one alliance to another and I want to thank everyone involved in ensuring smoothness ". At that time, there were rumors that the switch was Continental's first step in a merger plan with United Airlines. Two months later, Brussels Airlines joined the alliance.
Brazilian aircraft carrier TAM Airlines joined Star Alliance on May 13, 2010, boosting its foothold in South America. Aegean Airlines, Greece's largest airline by number of passengers, joined on 30 June.
Shanghai Airlines abandoned the alliance on October 31, 2010 when it joined China Eastern Airlines, a member of SkyTeam. On September 29, the main executive board approved Ethiopian Airlines as the 30th member of the Star Alliance. In 2010 the alliance flew to 1,172 airports in 181 countries, with approximately 21,200 departures daily.
2011-present: Further expansion and stability
Since 2011, the alliance has gained several major members but has lost others because of its collapse or merger. On December 13, 2011, Ethiopian Airlines merged, adding five countries and 24 destinations to the alliance map.
The Star Alliance sees a tumultuous 2012-13, starting with two major departures but ending with a big step towards Latin America. In Europe, Spanair stopped operating, and BMI went after it was acquired by International Airlines Group (IAG), the parent company of Oneworld Iberia and British Airways.BMI members are integrated into British Airways. In North America, Continental joins United Airlines, further reducing Star membership even if it effectively stays in the alliance after the merger. On June 21, Avianca, TACA Airlines and Copa Airlines merged, increasing the presence of a Latin American alliance. In November, Blue1 went after becoming an affiliate of Scandinavian Airlines parent. and Shenzhen Airlines join, adding China Air China network. Taiwan Airlines EVA Air later merged on June 18, 2013, and after the integration of TACA into Avianca, the alliance grew to 28 members, making it the largest of the three major airline alliances. On December 13, Air India was again invited to begin the integration process with Star Alliance and join the alliance on July 3, 2014.
Following this expansion series, 2014 opens with two major departures through mergers. First, the Brazilian airline, TAM Airlines, joins LAN Airlines to become LATAM Airlines Group, leaving the alliance in absolute presence in the fifth largest country in the world. Furthermore, US Airways completed its merger with American Airlines and also abandoned the alliance. Both holding companies are with Oneworld. On June 24, the alliance finally approved Air India who joined on July 11, leaving the alliance in 27 members, where it stands today.
Future expansion centers around the addition of Connecting Partners, subsidiaries or partner alliance partners that will add connectivity to the alliance without becoming a full member. Avianca Brazil joined this way on July 22, 2015, bringing the alliance back to the Brazilian market filling in part of the vacancy left by TAM. The low-cost subsidiary South African Airways, Mango, was originally announced to join as Liaison Partner in Q3 2016 but has since been postponed. Juneyao Airlines, which codeshare with Shenzhen Airlines, joined as Linking Partner on May 23, 2017.
Maps Star Alliance
Airlines and member affiliations
Members and affiliates
A Founding member.
B Airlines operating under Air Canada Express, Air New Zealand Link, Cimber A/S, Regional Lufthansa and United Express are not necessarily Star Star members. However, the flights operated on behalf of each airline, carrying their pointer code and are Star Star Flight.
C Lufthansa Regional Member wholly owned by Deutsche Lufthansa AG.
Air Canada Express is operated by Air Georgia, EVAS Air, Jazz Flight, Sky Regional Airlines.
E Air India Regional flight operated by Alliance Air.
F The Air New Zealand Link flight is operated by Air Nelson and Mount Cook Airline.
G Lufthansa Regional flight operated by Air Dolomiti and Lufthansa CityLine.
H United Express flights operated by Air Wisconsin, Cape Air, CommutAir, ExpressJet Airlines, GoJet Airlines, Mesa Airlines, Republic Airlines, SkyWest Airlines, and Trans States Airlines.
I South Africa Low cost airlines Mango will join the alliance as Connected Partners but until now the new date is still not announced. SunExpress (owned by airlines of Turkish Airlines and Lufthansa members) and SunExpress Deutschland (owned by SunExpress) instead of SunExpress part of Star Alliance
L UNI Air is a wholly owned subsidiary of Eva Air, even though it is not a part from Star Alliance.
M Kunming Airlines is a wholly owned subsidiary of Shenzhen Airlines, even though it is not part of the Star Alliance. Thailand Thai Smile is a subsidiary of Thai Airways but not a Star Alliance member.
O Edelweiss Air is a subsidiary of Swiss International Air Lines but not a Star Alliance member.
Connecting Partners
Former member
Former affiliates of the current members
Customer service
Codeshare flights from Star Alliance airlines are consistent. This cooperation leads to suspicion of anti-competitive behavior; alliances are suspected by the EU as a virtual merger of its members, and speculation emerges that if government regulations are relaxed the members will merge into one company.
Star Alliance developed the "regional" concept in 2004, which helped penetrate the market with participation by smaller regional airlines. The Star Alliance Regional Member must be sponsored by alliance members. The Alliance no longer appoints airlines as "regional" members, now referring to 27 airlines as "members".
In 2007, alliance members flew 18,521 daily flights to 1,321 airports in 193 countries with a fleet of 4,025 aircraft. Its members carry a total of 627.52 million passengers, with revenues of US $ 156.8 billion (EUR145 billion). It has 28 percent of the global market based on a kilometer passenger revenue (RPK), greater than the combined market share of all airlines not in any of the three major alliances. All combined alliance operators employ over 405,000 pilots, flight attendants, and other staff.
Member Hub
Shared location at the airport (under one roof)
Premium
Star Alliance has two premium levels (Silver and Gold), based on customer status in the member's frequent flyer program. Regional members and airlines recognize the status of Silver and Gold Stars, with some exceptions that mostly relate to airport lounge access. Membership is based on the frequent flyer program of each airline. Many members have premium status outside of Gold, which is not recognized throughout the alliance. Star Alliance Silver
Star Alliance Silver status is awarded to customers who have reached the premium level of the operator's frequent flyer program. The benefit is a priority reservation waiting list and airport stand-by. Some airlines also offer priority airport check-in, baggage handling and boarding; preferred seats; additional baggage allowances, and waived fees for two checked bags. Star Alliance Gold
Star Alliance Gold status is awarded to customers who have reached a higher level of frequent flyer programs for airline members. Benefits are priority reservation waiting list, airport concierge and check-in and baggage handling; an additional luggage allowance of 20kg (or an additional piece, in which discount rules apply), and access to the designated Star Alliance Gold to relax on day and departure with Star Alliance boarding pass presentations. Some airlines also offer preferred seats (exit chairs or special parts of aircraft); seat guarantees on fully booked flights, subject to the booking class code and notice period, and free upgrades in the form of vouchers, certificates or auto-upgrades upon check-in. United restrict US lounge access for their Gold Members to international long-distance passengers; Gold members from other operators are welcome in the United lounge run by United on all travel plans.
Level of qualification by airline
Livery and logo
Some Star Alliance members painted some of their aircraft with alliance livery, usually white plane with "Star Alliance" on it and black tail fins with alliance logo; color or design cowlings machine or fixed wing, depending on the member livery. Singapore Airlines is the only exception, previously kept its own logo on the tail of the plane but now uses the Star Alliance logo with a white tail. Asiana Airlines is the first Star Alliance member to paint her plane in the current Star Alliance livery. Aircraft painted in regular airline uniforms have a Star Alliance logo between the cockpit and the first cabin door set.
References
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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