mazer is a special type of wooden drinking vessel, broad cup or shallow bowl without a handle, with large flat legs and a button or boss in the center of the inside, known technically as a mold or a boss. They vary from simple wood pieces all in wood to those decorated with metal, often silver or silver-gold. They use wood that does not fade like maple wood, beech and walnut, and get their names from spots or birds on wood (Gerer Maser , place, mark, especially on wood; cf. "measles"), or perhaps maserle as the name for Acer campestre . They are a medieval tradition of northern Europe, mostly made from the 11th (or earlier) to the 16th century.
Video Mazer (drinking vessel)
Description
Examples that have been preserved on the ground are generally the most expensive, with large mounts in silver, but some archaeological sites have produced a number of plain wood, which is undoubtedly the most common at the time. The Mary Rose shipwreck is one example of the group found, and the Nanteos Cup is a single survival. They are usually five to eleven inches in diameter.
The decorated type usually has a rim or "band" of precious metal, generally of silver or gold silver; feet and molds also of metal. There are examples with wooden coverings, sometimes with metal handles, such as Bute Mazer or Flemish and German mazers in the British Museum. Outside, but generally not part of metal bands are often inscriptions, religious, or amicable, and the prints are also often decorated with engraved or engraved plaques, and sometimes gems. The Bute Mazer is one of the most complicated to survive, with lions lying three dimensions up from the base, and the weapon's emblem tied in a circle around it. Saints, religious monographs, and animals, often without a doubt of importance, are other general decorations of the boss. Many pieces of metal that seems to have been dug mazer. An example from York Minster pardoned the 40 days of forgiveness from Purgatory for all who drank from it.
Subsequent examples may be generated on the stem, possibly mimicking a closed glassy force; some of about 1550 and so on are effectively tazzas that are partially in wood. The later mazers sometimes have a metal string between the rim and the legs, as is added to Bute Mazer. Examples continue to be produced after the main period ends in the 16th century, perhaps with a deliberate sense of traditionalism. Some modern woodturners and silver continue to produce examples, especially Omar Ramsden.
Mounted examples change very subtly, often from burr maple (Acer campestre). Both timber and ships made of it are known as "mazer", so in contemporary accounts they are sometimes referred to as the ciphis de mazer (drinking a bowl of thorn trees), and sometimes just as a "mazer". The best mazers have silver or silver rims. In general, molds are also added (discs decorated in the bottom of the bowl), and sometimes, usually in the next mazer, silver or golden legs are also added.
Maps Mazer (drinking vessel)
Use
The size of wooden mazers is limited by the relatively small size of the trees that provide the best solid and grained wood. The addition of a metal band can double the capacity of a mazer. Large decorated Mazzers may be passed around the table for toasts and the like, as some glasses are closed, but the more mundane ones may have been regarded as private in groups such as housekeeping, boats or monasteries, no doubt with prominent figures ordering examples better for themselves. Evidence from inventory shows many buyers who are named.
A record of customs in the monastic community in Durham notes that every monk has his own mazer "edged with double silver", but also a very large one called "Cup of Grace" passed around the table after Grace. Another one, called the "Judas Cup", is only used on White Thursday. Parish churches may inherit the mazers, and use them in "church ales" and other parish events. The decorated mazazer is often included and briefly described in wills and inventory. In 1395 John de Scardeburgh, rector of Tichmarsh, left twelve mazers, two more than recorded in Henry IV's treasure inventory of Britain four years later. But monastic inventory could include dozens, including the fabulous 132 in 1328 inventory at Christ Church, Canterbury.
In supplies, usually in medieval Latin, they are called by various names (all plural): " ciphi or cuppae de mazero or de murra, mazeri, cyphi murrae, mazerei , or hanaps de mazer (France).
Sample integration
More than 60 medieval English mazers are known to survive. Much of the remnants of English are preserved at Oxbridge colleges, livery companies, hospitals and other institutions that return to the Middle Ages. Relatively few are inherited in wealthy families, though all at that time will have it; the Bute Mazer is the exception here. A mazer still belonged to All Souls College, Oxford, but was loaned to the Ashmolean Museum, donated to the campus in 1437, at the time of being founded by Thomas Ballard, a landowner in Kent.
Another example at a college is the late 14th century from Swan Mazer Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, where a goose overcomes a thin column that rises from the boss. If the mazer is filled too full, the liquid flows in the column and out of the foot, no doubt there are tricks that are played at the first dinner on campus.
During the late Middle Ages there was the movement of the deep bowl with a narrow rim to a shallower bowl and a much wider rim. In the 13th and 14th century rims tend to be simple and plain, only about 1 cm without a letter, the 15th and 16th century rims are very distinctive with a very deep shape (mold form 3-4 cm) often with letters. One exception to this rule is the mazer that Samuel Pepys drank from 1660 (exhibited at the British Museum), this mazer rim has a 1507/8 characteristic but a simple initial form. A good show is at the Museum of Canterbury, where 10 13 and 14 mazers are featured.
A very good example in the British Museum, from France or Flanders, probably at the beginning of the 15th century, had a very thin wooden bowl, and an excellent quality silver bracelet, including enamel, but neither the cup nor the lid had no metal in the edges. , or it seems to have done it. The cuir-bouilli casing also survives.
See also
- Nanteos Cup
Note
References
- Campbell, Gordon, "Mazer", Grove Art Online, Oxford Art Online, Oxford University Press, accessed October 11, 2017, need to subscribe.
- Cherry, John, at: Marks, Richard and Williamson, Paul, eds. Gothic: Art for England 1400-1547 , 2003, V & amp; A Publication, London, ISBNÃ, 1851774017
- Glenn, Virginia, Romanesque and Gothic: Decorative Metalwork and Ivory Carving at the Scottish Museum , 2003, National Museum of Scotland, ISBN 901663558
- St. John Hope, W.H., 'In the Middle Ages of the British Empire, The Bowl of Drinking Is called Mazar' Archaeologia 50 (1887), p. 129-193
- "Brief History of Bowls and Mazers" (PDF) . PDF Documents . Robin Wood . Retrieved 2008-06-04 .
- Taylor, Gerald, Silver , 1963 (2nd ed.), Penguin
- This article incorporates text from publications now in the public domain: Ã, Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Trophy". EncyclopÃÆ'Â|dia Britannica . 17 (issue 11). Cambridge University Press. p.Ã, 942.
External links
- Medieval & amp; Mazers Renaissance
- Eichhorn, Mark (November 2011). "Maple Tree". Test Tube . Brady Haran for the University of Nottingham.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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