In Singapore, cars and other vehicles drive on the left side of the road, as in neighboring Malaysia, due to its British colonial history (which led to British driving regulations adopted in India, Australia, New Zealand and Hong Kong as well). As a result, most of the vehicles are the right movers. However, exceptions have been made to allow foreign vehicles and construction machinery to take advantage of Singapore's road space. Thus, a vehicle with a left-hand drive configuration is required to be moved with a sign indicating "LEFT-HAND-DRIVE" or withdrawn.
The level of per capita car ownership in Singapore is 12 cars per 100 people (or 1 car per 8.25 people).
Video Driving in Singapore
History
The earliest street in Singapore, after its founding in 1819, was laid out in the Jackson Plan of 1822 in accordance with the direction of Sir Stamford Raffles. The grid system was adopted for the city by road for carriages that were 16 yards wide (15 m) wide, and for horses up to four meters wide. The pedestrian walkway along the two-meter-wide roadside allows the space for two to walk parallel and bring up a five-footed way associated with sheltered walkways along the roadside shops.
These streets were quite advanced for the time being, with Macadam surfaces being used on the High Street in early 1821. Roads were also built throughout the island, although they were usually not specified. Most roads were accessible on village roads in 1845, and eventually HDB roads developed since the 1960s. Currently, there are many roads and obstacles in Singapore. The first motorcycle was introduced in Singapore in 1896.
Like many other urban areas at that time, all of the earliest modes of transport were replaced by current transportation.
Maps Driving in Singapore
Driving license
Obtain driving license
Class 3 or Class 3A licenses allow the holder to ride a motor that weighs less than 3,000 kg when unattached and carries no more than seven passengers. In addition, the holder may drive a motor tractor or other motor vehicle weighing not less than 2,500 kg. Class 3A license limits the holder to drive a motor vehicle without a clutch pedal, usually an automatic transmission car, while the 3rd class license allows the holder to drive all motor vehicles. Class 3A drivers are not allowed to drive a manual transmission car.
The driver must be 18 years old to obtain a license including applying for theoretical lessons. After the driver has passed the Basic Theory Test (BTT), a Temporary Driving License (PDL) valid for six months prior to December 2017, the validity of 2 years after December 1, 2017, should be applied before taking practical driving lessons. It is a violation to learn to drive without an actual PDL license. However, a student may choose to register and pass the Final Theory Test (NTP) before applying for the PDL and start a driving lesson. The final stage to obtain a driver's license is a practical driving test, in which a student must have a valid FTT and PDL pass result slip. Failure to do so will cause the test to be rejected by the Traffic Police Tester.
The driving theory test consists of 50 questions to be answered within 50 minutes; to pass, you must answer 45 out of 50 questions correctly. Results are displayed immediately after the tests on the same touch screen monitor.
Foreign Drivers in Singapore
Singapore Traffic Police require foreigners in Singapore to have a valid foreign driver's license and be at least 18 years of age.
Conversion to Singapore licenses is often possible for certain vehicle classes.
Foreigners who have obtained a Singapore license are licensed with a limited duration that needs to be renewed between one month before the expiry of up to three years after expiration. After this period, conversion procedures or permissions theory and practical tests should be taken again.
License renewal
No SIM renewal required for Singaporean citizens and permanent residents since the introduction of the photocard license. A driving license is for the normal life span of that person and may be submitted upon request to the Traffic Police. If the person dies, the license must be submitted to the Traffic Police for cancellation, similar to the National Registration Card (NRIC). It is an offense for everyone to continue or own or use another person's identity card listed above without authorization.
A person who does 12 points of demerit and is over 80 will be subject to an earlier termination of unlimited driving license, after which it will not receive new drivers over 79 years. A random medical examination will be conducted over 62 years for all drivers; But this only applies if they still want to drive.
For Class 4, 5, buses and taxis are driving licenses, annual medical checks are conducted from 70 years to 80. The upper age limit is 81.
Ride a motorcycle listed in different holder
In Singapore, it is illegal to ride a motorcycle if the driver's name is not included in the insurance contract. For every motorcycle, only one co-rider can be included, but the procedure for replacing the co-rider is relatively quick and easy. The only exception is commercial insurance, where every rider can use the vehicle. Only companies registered in business can register for commercial insurance. Example: Any rider can rent a motorbike on AloRide.com.
Driver Upgraded Points System
Driver Improvement Points System (DIPS) is a system where demerit points are added to the driver's record. The system is intended to prevent drivers from breaking the rule-of-the-road and, if they do so, suspend their driving license for a specified period of time. This system requires repeat offenders and pass driving tests again from scratch.
If a driver collects 24 points of loss within a period of two years, he will be suspended from driving for three months. If he has been suspended before, he will only be allowed to collect less than 12 demerit points within a period of 12 months. This is a driving licensing scheme where foreigners who have their suspended licenses will be affected by their licenses, as these are from other countries. Driving license is a legal requirement and is generally used worldwide.
Currently, drivers are given demerit points if they commit certain traffic violations such as speeding and passengers do not tighten their seatbelts.
Roads in Singapore
Price of Electronic Road
The Land Transport Authority (LTA) in Singapore implements Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) schemes to prevent traffic congestion during rush hours on various roads. The ERP scheme requires electronic gantries to be placed over the road at designated locations and that the car is equipped with an In-Vehicle Unit (IU), a rectangular device affixed to the bottom right of the front windshield of the driver's view, which will cut the toll price from CashCard. CashCards should be incorporated into the device, and failure to do so is illegal. There is no fee to enter the area during certain non-peak times.
Low Emission Zone
LTA also implements Low Emission Zone to prevent air pollution in various ways. SBS Transit does not extend most of the Volvo DM3500 and some Striders, including SMRT has premature retirement Dennis Lance 245 and Hino HS3KRK starting 2013, as part of a legal change.
- 2014: All buses, vans, lorries and minibuses must meet Euro 2 minimums and so on. All taxis must meet the minimum Euro III onwards
- December 24, 2017: All buses, vans, lorries and minibuses must meet the minimum Euro III and so on. All taxis must meet Euro Euro minimum onwards
Parking
Parking charges in many of the upgraded parking lots can be reduced from a CashCard inserted into IU vehicles, thus eliminating the need for a car park to have an officer. Although parking fees (which are published) vary, parking fees tend to be much cheaper than London and New York. For example, Centrepoint shopping centers charge only S $ 1 (about US $ 0.70) for the first hour, while a garage in New York on Fifth Avenue and 57th Street costs between US $ 12 and US $ 26 for one hour.
Some parking lots in Singapore are equipped with sensors that can detect whether or not the position is filled. This information is processed and displayed on signs around the parking lot, directing the driver to an area where there is free space.
Road signs
During the British colonial administration, Singapore's road and legislative regulations governing the design and layout of road signs were imported directly from the UK. Thus, most road signs in Singapore are similar to those in the UK. For example, warning signs depicted as red triangles and regulative signs must be described as blue circles.
However, some aspects of road signs and traffic calming measures adopt locally developed standards after independence. The major deviations are as follows:
1. Locally developed font types are used for road signs, not the UK-adopted Transport.
2. In 1998, a system of black-on-yellow "curve alignment curves" was widely adopted and gradually replaced the British system using the marks of sharp white-and-white deviations to describe sharp turns. Some British systems are still stored as in Mandai Road and Suntec City.
3. In the late 1990s, all circular rule signs and triangular warning signs were attached to white backing boards of one size suitable for raising awareness on complex backgrounds such as trees.
4. In the early 2000s, street signs were usually black-red-orange in diamonds and rectangles, similar to the Taiwanese system.
Most roads, bridges, roundabouts, and tunnels are marked by road signs with street names. Singapore toll roads are not numbered (unlike most other countries), but named. The road sign shortens the full name of the toll road into three representative letters, like PIE for P and me in the E xpressway or ECP for E ast C oast P arkway respectively.
Almost all road signs in Singapore use English although many street names are derived from Malay. Usually, "Road" is used for "Road" and "Hallway" used for "Paths". Multilingual road signs exist, especially for historic ethnic pockets such as Chinatown or Little India, or for landmarks. For example, some of the direction signs leading to Chinese or Hindu temples are bilingual or trilingual (English, Chinese, or Tamil). Bilingual signage dates for the early days of Singapore.
5. Quite strange, even on the bigger signs, the street names are rarely full. For example, "road" is almost always "Rd" ("Avenue" as "Ave", "Hill" as "Bt", "Boulevard" as "Blvd", "Close" as "Cl", "Middle" as "Ctrl" , "Crescent" as "Cres", "Drive" as "Dr", "Road" as "Jln", "Kampong" as "Kg", "Lane" as "Ln", "Lorong" as "Lor" Top "as" Upp "," Place "as" Pl "," Saint "and" Street "as" St "," Tanjong "as" Tg "). Exceptions include roads ending with less common words, such as "walk," "hill," and "park."
Turn left or turn right at red light
Left Turn
In Singapore, it is illegal to turn left (to the nearest lane, due to driving on the left) during a red light. This rule, however, does not apply if the "Left Turn Red" sign is at the intersection, allowing the left turning rider to turn left, provided they stop before the line stops and gives way for pedestrians and incoming traffic.
Turn Right
It is illegal to turn right during a red light in Singapore.
Appropriate turns are only allowed when a person's lane has a green light signal and an opponent's traffic lane, moving in the opposite direction, clear and profitable to make the right turn. However, the green bend signal (outline of the arrow pointing to the right) is attached to some traffic lights.
These rules in Singapore are similar to many countries that use left traffic, and unlike countries that allow it to turn red.
Custom Road
Due to limited land in Singapore, selected roads, especially those with more lanes have been specially designated as a runway for aircraft in an emergency or when the need arises.
Traffic security
Safety driving
Driving after consuming alcohol, using a phone while driving, dangerous driving, and car racing are all illegal.
Car security crash test
The Singapore government accepts standards of accident security from the EU and Japan. Cars made in the EU and Japan do not need to pass additional safety standards for sale in Singapore. Cars can be personally imported to Singapore if they have the EU Certificate of Conformity or the Japan Compatible Inspection Certificate, both of which combine emissions and safety standards. Not all cars sold in Singapore have been tested by EuroNCAP, a car safety testing organization operated jointly by several European government agencies, that automobile crash tests can be sold legally in some European countries.
Buying a car
Many regulations on buying and driving cars are managed by the Land Transport Authority, the successor of Vehicle Registration.
Certificate of Ownership
New car buyers are required to purchase a Certificate of Ownership (COE), which is valid for ten years. The typical car term is 10 years. An extension of two or three years of typical car life is only for those with special difficulties. Car buyers can scrap cars earlier than the typical car age. The term "offer" is often used, but in practice a new car dealer helps in the process. The cost of each COE is added to the cost of a new car based on engine size - Category A is a 1,600cc engine and below; Category B is 1,601 cc engine and above - and generally lower for Category A vehicles. There is a provision for COE rebates if the car is canceled before 10 years.
Preferential Enrollment Fee
Car owners may apply for a portion of the Additional Enrollment Fee (PARF) if the car is de-registered before 10 years. The term "Additional Registration Fee (ARF)" is calculated from 110% of Open Market Value (OMV). If the car is less than 5 years old, then PARF is 75% of ARF.
Open Market Value
The Open Market Value (OMV) of the vehicle is determined by Singapore customs and is equivalent to the price of the car, including shipping charges and other incidental costs.
Number plate
The vehicle number plate in Singapore is the same 520mm x 110mm size found in many European countries. The red number plate indicates that the car can be driven only during off-peak hours unless the daily fee is paid. From the busy time is from 7 pm to 7 am on weekdays and all day on Saturday and Sunday. Since late January 2010, the use of cars out of bounds is no longer restricted on Saturdays, Sundays, and days before national holidays. Off-peak number plates are cheaper than the usual ones. Standard number plates in Singapore are usually black with silver or white writing or a combination of later/later rear/yellow plates and red-plated white off-peak plate plates.
Car market
Domestic car market
Car brands are usually sold by only one dealer although there are rare exceptions where two dealers sell the same brand. Some dealers have more than one location. Some dealers sell more than one brand, unlike the situation in some Western European countries in the past in which some manufacturers forbid dealers from selling competing brands. Negotiations during car purchases are customary but limited due to the lack of competing dealers.
The limited size of the Singapore market has resulted in several brands that do not offer a complete model in Singapore. Unlike in Australia, where the Honda Accord US and Honda Accord Japan (denoted as Acura TSX in the United States) are sold, only Honda Accord Japan is sold in Singapore. Some brands, such as Saab and Volvo (except Volvo S60R) are only offered with automatic transmissions even though manual transmission cars are sold in the home car market.
Although car prices are high, service costs are reasonable compared to those in the United States and Western Europe in terms of labor costs.
Sport utility vehicles (SUVs) and pickup trucks are not common in Singapore as in the United States and Canada. Thus, pick-up trucks in Singapore are relatively more expensive than other Southeast Asian countries, and some dealers do not import pickup trucks like Nissan Navara and Ford Ranger made in Thailand at all.
Japanese car manufacturers have the largest market share. Some Japanese cars are imported from countries other than Japan. For example, Toyota Vios is imported from Thailand, while the JDM version is called Toyota Belta. At first Toyota Corolla ninth generation sold in Singapore is a Japanese model, while the facelift version is Corolla Altis wider and longer than Thailand.
Kei cars (like Mitsubishi i, Subaru R2, and Suzuki Carry) are common in Singapore, but not as popular as the Japanese domestic market as most Japanese car manufacturers rarely take out Kei cars in Singapore. In addition, there are some imported Kei car gray like Daihatsu Copen.
The European car manufacturers are well represented. In the more expensive market segments, European cars sold in Singapore include Aston Martin, Ferrari, Rolls Royce, Maserati, and others. Skoda, Fiat, Renault, Peugeot, and Citroen are among the cheaper European cars sold in Singapore.
American cars have low market share. Chrysler, Dodge, and Jeep vehicles are sold in Singapore, such as Chrysler 300C, Chrysler PT Cruiser, Dodge Caliber, and Jeep Wrangler. Chevrolet markets only Daewoo cars made in Korea, but not American-made models. Ford markets several cars from the European line, not the American product line. Even Subaru, the Japanese carmaker, did not do well with cars made by a US-based subsidiary, Subaru of Indiana Automotive, which exports US-made Tribeca to Singapore.
Non-Japanese Asian car brands sold in Singapore include Perodua, Proton, Ssangyong, Hafei Motor, Chery, Geely, Kia, Hyundai, Chana, and Holden Special Vehicles.
Used cars more than three years old can not be imported to Singapore.
In 2005, there was significant local press coverage of a car salesperson when a customer was involved in a collision during a test drive, reportedly after aggressive driving. The driver's license was suspended in April 2007 for this incident even though the court case was pending at the time of the suspension of the license.
After sales
Since Singapore does not have a domestic auto industry and thus has a very small domestic market for reconditioned and reconditioned auto parts, it has become an important aftermarket for businesses that export automotive parts and accessories. This is magnified by high car turnover, preference for new parts, and high demand for "accessories, car care products, prestige items, and new parts". In fact, Singapore has become the main component manufacturing base, as several leading multinational companies (MNCs) have established international procurement offices as well as Southeast Asian distribution centers.
Singapore as a car exporter
The uniqueness of Singapore's car market has made Singapore the second largest used car exporter in the world (about 100,000 cars exported per year) after Japan. Singapore exports its cars to many countries, including African countries. Used cars are often exported to other countries by driving with the right hand, but there are also exports to the country driving by left hand. New Zealand allows used cars previously registered in Singapore to be imported without any modification.
This is partly due to the reduction of COE and PARF costs between 2000 and 2005, which has prompted owners to buy new cars before their ten-year runs out. Previously, COE and PARF represent about 80% of the cost of a car with a moderate price like the Honda Accord. With COE and PARF cheaper than in the past, in some cases the annual decline in COE and PARF rebates is significant compared to the pre-tax pricing (OMV) of new cars. Furthermore, with PARF cuts diminishing after a five-year-old car, the amount of net credits (similar to resale value or trade-in value) compared to OMV becomes less favorable for older car owners. Conversely, in countries with low taxes, the most economical proprietary strategy is to keep the car for as long as possible until the cost of repairs exceeds the cost of depreciation or new car financing costs.
Left hand drive Vs Hard drive right
In Singapore, only cars with right movers are allowed on the road. There are exceptions to special-purpose vehicles, diplomatic vehicles and registered foreign vehicles, with labels placed on the rear windscreen of vehicles showing "Left Hand Drive" to remind other drivers that the driver's seat is on the left side, not on the right side.
Gasoline market
Large companies in the retail gasoline market
Unlike some countries with a large number of gasoline dealers operating under their own independent brands, gasoline dealers in Singapore sell gasoline under the brand of multinational companies. Royal Dutch Shell, marketing gasoline under the "Shell" brand, owns the largest network of retail stations. ExxonMobil has 23 Car stations and 19 Esso stations. Caltex, formerly a joint venture between Chevron and Texaco, but now Chevron's subsidiary, which acquires Texaco has a station in Singapore. Singapore Petroleum Company, the marketing of gasoline under the brand "SPC" also has a large number of gas stations in Singapore.
Four gasoline classes are generally sold in Singapore. Diesel and unleaded gasoline with octane levels of 92, 95 and 98 are widely sold. The octane rate corresponds to the European octane rating and roughly corresponds to the American octane levels of 87, 90 and 93 respectively. Shell also markets the fifth brand of fuel under the V-Power label, in addition to 98 octane gasoline. 98 octane V-Power is marketed as having an FMT additive and is "formulated to improve performance and responsiveness", and sells for about 15 cents per liter over Shell's other octane fuel.
Gas stations often have loyalty schemes, such as Escape Shell points.
The price of gasoline is usually standardized in such a way that the cost of a particular brand of fuel is the same regardless of which station sells it. Gasoline is not rationed in Singapore.
Gasoline is cheaper in Malaysia than in Singapore, but arbitration opportunities are limited because cars registered in Singapore across to Malaysia are legally required to have at least three quarters of the fuel tank.
Clean exporter of refined petrol
As a result of Indonesia's high refining capacity, Singapore is a net exporter of refined oil. ExxonMobil refineries at Jurong Island and Singapore have a capacity of 605,000 barrels. Shell's 500,000 barrel-per-day Shell Plant exports 90 percent of its products to other countries. The Singapore Refining Company has a capacity of refineries capacity of 285,000 barrels, a 50/50 venture between Chevron and SPC, although parts of Chevron's shares were previously owned by BP. In contrast, the United States has a shortage of oil refining capacity, which accounts for about 10% of the imported gasoline as a processed product, compared to crude oil, partly imported from the Netherlands, a country with no significance. oil drilling activities.
The effect of gasoline prices in Singapore on the Australian market
The wholesale price of Mogas 95 unleaded gasoline is the regional benchmark, including the benchmark price for Australia. This is the result of Singapore having a large refining capacity. In 2005, Australia imported 29% of gasoline and diesel needs, of which 80% came from Singapore. The Australian retail price of gasoline is affected by the wholesale price of gasoline in Singapore.
Foreign assessment for automotive Singapore
Deutsche Gesellschaft fÃÆ'¼r Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) submitted a report on Singapore's Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system to the World Bank. The report praised ERP as fair, convenient, reliable, and effective in reducing congestion. It also illustrates the positive consequences such as revenue collection and pollution control.
The expatriate adviser website states that driving and owning a car in Singapore is very expensive.
Wired describes Singapore as "a living laboratory for Intelligent Transport Systems, a catcher phrase for high-tech strategies for collecting data, managing flow, and informing drivers of congestion forward", noting that traffic "does move more smooth here than in a comparable American metropolitan area - Atlanta, for example. "
Size to reduce vehicle usage
Some steps must be completed before the car owner can drive a vehicle in Singapore. Certificate of Ownership (COE) is required, at a cost of over S $ 80,000 for successful bidders. This allows ownership of the vehicle for a period of 10 years after the vehicle must be removed or another COE is paid to allow an additional 5 or 10 years of use. COE is technically a lease at an increased cost. Only ten years COE can be extended again to 7-10 more years and no extension of the car provided. Historical vehicles are exempt from this requirement.
Certain roads and expressways in Singapore are subject to the Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) system.
COE and ERP systems are meant to encourage people to use public transport like MRT and public buses rather than driving. Rising parking fees in HDB car parks starting December 1, 2016 in electronic parking and selected season parking also prevent people from driving and are encouraged to use public transport.
See also
- List of countries with vehicles per capita
References
External links
- Land Transport Authority
- ERP system depiction scheme using a pair of gantry and 5 step detection steps [1]
- TripSum @ Xeesa.com: The first online BBM/ERP/Taxi rate calculator to check and calculate BBM, ERP, and Tariff Rates Tariffs required for driving trips or taxi riders travel in Singapore
- Driving Driver Replacement
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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